Ngakhale ma turbine ndi ma impeller nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosinthana m'zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku, muzochita zaukadaulo ndi zamafakitale matanthauzo ake ndi kagwiritsidwe kake kamakhala kosiyana. Makina opangira magetsi nthawi zambiri amatanthauza fani yagalimoto kapena ndege yomwe imapangitsa kuti injini igwire bwino ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya wotulutsa mpweya kuti uwombere mpweya wamafuta mu injini. Chotsitsacho chimapangidwa ndi chimbale, chivundikiro cha magudumu, tsamba ndi mbali zina. Madzimadzi amazungulira ndi choyikapo pa liwiro lalikulu pansi pa zochita za masamba a impeller. Mpweya umakhudzidwa ndi mphamvu ya centrifugal ya kuzungulira ndi kufalikira kwa kayendedwe ka mpweya, kulola kuti idutse kupyolera muzitsulo. Kupsyinjika kumbuyo kwa impeller kumawonjezeka.
1. Tanthauzo ndi makhalidwe a turbine
Makina opangira magetsi ndi makina ozungulira amphamvu omwe amasintha mphamvu ya sing'anga yogwirira ntchito kukhala ntchito yamakina. Ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu za injini za ndege, ma turbine a gasi ndi ma turbine a nthunzi. Ma turbine masamba nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi zitsulo kapena zitsulo za ceramic ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutembenuza mphamvu ya kinetic yamadzimadzi kukhala mphamvu yamakina. Mapangidwe ndi mfundo zogwirira ntchito za masamba opangira turbine zimatsimikizira kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, monga ndege, magalimoto, zomanga zombo, makina opanga uinjiniya, ndi zina zambiri.
Ma turbine masamba nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi magawo atatu: gawo lolowera, gawo lapakati ndi gawo lotulutsa. Masamba a gawo lolowera ndi okulirapo kuti atsogolere madziwo mpaka pakati pa turbine, masamba apakati ndi ocheperako kuti apititse patsogolo mphamvu za turbine, ndipo masamba otuluka amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukankhira madzi otsala kuchokera mu turbine. Turbocharger imatha kuwonjezera mphamvu ndi torque ya injini. Nthawi zambiri, mphamvu ndi makokedwe a injini mutatha kuwonjezera turbocharger idzawonjezeka ndi 20% mpaka 30%. Komabe, turbocharging ilinso ndi zovuta zake, monga turbo lag, kuchuluka kwa phokoso, komanso zovuta zochotsa kutentha.
2. Tanthauzo ndi makhalidwe a choyikapo
Impeller imatanthawuza ma wheel disk okhala ndi masamba osuntha, omwe ndi gawo la rotor ya turbine yamagetsi. Itha kutanthauzanso dzina lachimbale cha wheel disk ndi masamba ozungulira omwe adayikidwapo. Ma Impellers amagawidwa molingana ndi mawonekedwe awo ndi mikhalidwe yotsegula ndi kutseka, monga zotsekera zotsekedwa, zotsekera theka-otseguka ndi zotsegulira zotseguka. Mapangidwe ndi kusankha kwa zinthu za choyikapo chimadalira mtundu wamadzimadzi womwe ukufunika kugwira komanso ntchito yomwe ikufunika kumaliza.
Ntchito yaikulu ya choyikapo ndi kutembenuza mphamvu mawotchi a prime mover mu static kuthamanga mphamvu ndi mphamvu kuthamanga mphamvu ya madzimadzi ntchito. Mapangidwe a chowongolera ayenera kunyamula ndikunyamula bwino zakumwa zomwe zili ndi zonyansa zazikulu kapena ulusi wautali, ndipo ziyenera kukhala ndi machitidwe abwino odana ndi kutsekeka komanso magwiridwe antchito abwino. Zosankha zakuthupi za choyikapo ndizofunikanso kwambiri. Zida zoyenera ziyenera kusankhidwa molingana ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito, monga chitsulo choponyedwa, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, mkuwa ndi zinthu zopanda zitsulo.
3. Kuyerekeza pakati pa turbine ndi impeller
Ngakhale ma turbines ndi ma impellers onse amaphatikiza kutembenuza mphamvu yamadzimadzi kukhala mphamvu yamakina, ali ndi kusiyana kwakukulu pamalingaliro awo ogwirira ntchito, mapangidwe, ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito. Makina opangira magetsi nthawi zambiri amatengedwa ngati chotengera mphamvu m'galimoto kapena injini yandege yomwe imawonjezera mphamvu ya nthunzi yamafuta kudzera mumipweya yotulutsa mpweya, potero imakulitsa magwiridwe antchito a injini. The impeller ndi energizer kuti otembenuka mawotchi mphamvu mu kinetic mphamvu ya madzimadzi kudzera kasinthasintha, kumawonjezera kuthamanga madzimadzi, ndi mbali mu ntchito zosiyanasiyana mafakitale, monga kupopa zakumwa munali olimba particles.
Mu ma turbines, masamba nthawi zambiri amakhala owonda kwambiri kuti apereke malo okulirapo komanso kutulutsa mphamvu yamphamvu. Mu choyikapo, masamba nthawi zambiri amakhala okhuthala kuti apereke kukana bwino komanso kukulitsa. Kuphatikiza apo, masamba a turbine nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kuti azizungulira komanso kutulutsa mphamvu mwachindunji, pomwe masamba a ma impeller amatha kukhala osasunthika kapena kuzungulira, kutengera zomwe zimafunikira2.
4, Mapeto
Mwachidule, pali kusiyana koonekeratu pakutanthauzira, mawonekedwe ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ma turbines ndi ma impellers. Ma turbines amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kuti apititse patsogolo magwiridwe antchito a injini zoyatsira mkati, pomwe ma impellers amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula ndi kukonza zamadzimadzi m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Mapangidwe a turbine amayang'ana kwambiri mphamvu zowonjezera komanso zogwira mtima zomwe zingapereke, pamene chotsitsacho chikugogomezera kudalirika kwake ndi mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito madzi osiyanasiyana.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-06-2024
